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="теория трудатруднаукаметанауканауковедениеэтапы теории трудатеория интеллектуального трудаtheory of laborlaborsciencemetascienceScience of Sciencestages of the theory of labortheory of intellectual labor"
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В работе отмечается, что классификацией научных направлений теории интеллектуального труда занимался целый ряд исследовате...
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В работе отмечается, что классификацией научных направлений теории интеллектуального труда занимался целый ряд исследователей. Всё многообразие классификаций разделено на две категории – первая рассматривает структуру направлений в зависимости от того, какие науки являются базовыми при формировании конкретного направления. Вторая рассматривает, как взаимосвязаны направления. Отмечается, что теория интеллектуального труда является метанаукой.
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摘要 :
В статье рассматривается разделение всего множества наук и научных областей, согласно теории труда, в зависимости от многоас...
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В статье рассматривается разделение всего множества наук и научных областей, согласно теории труда, в зависимости от многоаспектности и сложности исследуемого (рассматриваемого, изучаемого и т. д.) в конкретной науке предмета, на три класса. Анализируются этапы становления теории труда, как науки.
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Using the idea of modularity, we study the general phenomenon of open-source collaboration, which includes such things as collective invention and open science in addition to open-source software production. We argue that open-sou...
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Using the idea of modularity, we study the general phenomenon of open-source collaboration, which includes such things as collective invention and open science in addition to open-source software production. We argue that open-source collaboration coordinates the division of labor through the exchange of effort rather than of products: suppliers of effort self-identify in the same way as suppliers of products in a market rather than accepting assignments like employees in a firm. We suggest that open-source software (and other) projects are neither bazaars nor cathedrals, but hybrids manifesting both voluntary production and conscious planning.
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Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the usefulness of referring to a theory of the firm as a way to strongly improve internal consistency in both research and practice. To this end, the paper explores how a theor...
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Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the usefulness of referring to a theory of the firm as a way to strongly improve internal consistency in both research and practice. To this end, the paper explores how a theory-of-the-firm perspective can assist in a consistent analysis of IC, focusing on five IC-related issues: the definition and the origins of IC; the set of property rights on IC; its role in the competitive advantage and the value generation process of the firm; the way IC can be valued, including issues relating to the internal and external reporting; and finally the most efficient way to effectively manage and control IC. Analysis is carried out referring to the strengths and weaknesses of the resource-based view (RBV), being the main reference theories for IC scholars and practitioners. Design/methodology/approach - The paper employs a deductive approach to explore how different theories of the firm shape the way IC-related issues could be consistently analysed. Findings - The research finds that referring to a theory of the firm assists investigating IC-related issues. It carries out the analysis of five important issues under the two forms of the RBV, demonstrating how a different theory of the firm differentiates analysis and offers room for improving the internal consistency for both research and practice. Research limitations/implications - Implications of the paper are mainly for improving consistency in research, but they also support practice as for consciousness and awareness. Limitations are as follows. First, the paper offers an analysis of only two selected theories of the firm. Second, the analysis is based on a deductive reasoning which can be criticised for the results, even if not for the aim. Practical implications - The paper offer stimuli to both theoretical and empirical research and practice. As for research, the paper highlights how consistency can be developed and also focuses on the way empirical research could be consistently carried out. As for practitioners, the paper assists in enlightening covered links between practice and theories. Originality/value - The paper pays attention to the role of the theory of the firm, as a way for improving internal consistency in the study and the practice of IC.
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This is the Abstract of the English-language article by Yue Zhou Lin (Joe Lin) on recent Gramsci studies in China. We give his own English-language presentation of the article here below as an extended Abstract. Presentation Over ...
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This is the Abstract of the English-language article by Yue Zhou Lin (Joe Lin) on recent Gramsci studies in China. We give his own English-language presentation of the article here below as an extended Abstract. Presentation Over the last two decades, Gramscian research in China has shifted away from seeing Gramsci as a Western Marxist, from studying the philosophy of praxis to grappling with the concept of hegemony, and from only interpreting Gramsci’s thought to examining social problems in China through Gramscian lenses. However, Gramscian scholarship in China is found problematic too, namely, the misappropriation of the concept of hegemony, the lack of consideration of Gramsci’s other concepts, especially the integral State, and still relatively a dearth of studies on Chinese intellectuals using Gramsci’s concept of (organic) intellectuals. It is within this acknowledgment that the article suggests eight new frontiers that would advance Gramscian scholarship in China.
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We analyze the determinants of labor-owned versus capital-owned firm creation. We match firm-level information on a large sample of new manufacturing firms with available industry-level proxies of the main determinants of ownershi...
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We analyze the determinants of labor-owned versus capital-owned firm creation. We match firm-level information on a large sample of new manufacturing firms with available industry-level proxies of the main determinants of ownership structures according to existing economic theories. We estimate a logit model and quantify the empirical contribution of each argument to explain labor-owned versus capital-owned firm entry. Our results show that human capital specificity and workers heterogeneity largely explain labor owned firm entry, while other dimensions, such as limited worker wealth, have a weaker statistical relevance. These findings are robust to different estimation methods and are unlikely to be affected by endogeneity concerns. Our results contribute to the general understanding of the endogenous dynamics of ownership rights distribution in manufacturing firms and to the elaboration of policy initiatives aimed at supporting cooperative modes of firm organization. Journal of Comparative Economics 45 (2017) 139-153. Department of Economic Studies, University "G. d'Annunzio", Viale Pindaro 42, 65127, Pescara, Italy. (C) 2016 Association for Comparative Economic Studies. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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This study specifies an empirical model to estimate the perceived fair division of household labor among husbands and wives, respectively. The division of household work is consistent with the equity theory. The females' fair hous...
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This study specifies an empirical model to estimate the perceived fair division of household labor among husbands and wives, respectively. The division of household work is consistent with the equity theory. The females' fair household work share is about 62%, while the males' fair household work share ranges from 10% to 38%. Husbands and wives do not concur with regard to the fair division of household work in relation to each other. Because the fair division of labor is not feasible, second fair household work shares are proposed, and they are about 72% for females and 28% for males, respectively.
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Purpose - The purpose of the paper is to offer some advancing in the understanding of the market-to-book value (MBV) gap (or ratio) as the symptom and the metrics for intellectual capital (IC) value, and to discuss the major criti...
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Purpose - The purpose of the paper is to offer some advancing in the understanding of the market-to-book value (MBV) gap (or ratio) as the symptom and the metrics for intellectual capital (IC) value, and to discuss the major criticisms against it. The original contribution of the paper lies in developing the analysis of the meaning of the MBV from a theory-of-the-firm perspective. Such an approach is employed to shed light on the two sides of MBV: book and market values. Design/methodology/approach - The paper reviews research on MBV and the theory of the firm, employing a deductive approach that explores criticisms and advantages of the use of the MBV gap as the symptom and the metrics of IC according to a specific theory of the firm. Findings - The paper finds that the presumption that an "accounting fallacy" exists, which refers to the gap between market and book values, must be revised depending on the chosen theory of the firm. In fact, depending on the theory of the firm to which IC scholars refer, book value could not necessarily equate to market value, even if the latter was unbiased. Again, market value could not be able to express the value of IC. Research limitations/implications - Implications of the paper are mainly for improving consistency in research, but they also support practice for consciousness and awareness. Limitations are the following. First, the paper offers an analysis of just three selected theories of the firm. Second, the analysis is based on a deductive reasoning that can be criticised for results even if not for the aim. Third, one could feel that an IC-centred theory of the firm does not yet exist at all. Practical implications - Once reasons for abandoning the misbelief that accounting standards should be set in order to close the gap are highlighted, research on IC can move towards more appropriate goals. On the basis of the criticism presented in the paper, empirical research, which makes use of market and book data, could be carried out in a much more consistent way in relation to theoretical background. The paper highlights how the use of the MBV approach can lead to mistakes without a clear reference to the theory of the firm. Originality/value - The paper focuses on the meaning of the MBV from a theory-of-the-firm perspective, assisting the researcher in avoiding potential mistakes and inconsistencies in their work, and also suggesting some consequences on the practice of IC.
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The hierarchy of objectives of a representative group of employees is determined by means of the method of the implicit goal sets analysis. The analysis of the effect of personnel goal-setting on corporate identity is carried out.
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This article proposes an alternative vision for what criminal justice can represent such that its interests in becoming a full-fledged academic discipline are advanced. Linked to philosophical inquiry (the under-laborer), emphasis...
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This article proposes an alternative vision for what criminal justice can represent such that its interests in becoming a full-fledged academic discipline are advanced. Linked to philosophical inquiry (the under-laborer), emphasis is placed on explicating how insights derived from ontology, epistemology, aesthetics, and ethics underscore the field. Coupled with this more probing excursion is psychoanalytic reflexivity (the criminology of the shadow). The manner in which the philosophical lens informs criminal justice is delineated, and the logic of this shadow criminology is described. As dimensions of an inclusive organizing scheme, their potential for fostering integration in crime and justice studies consistent with the goals of disciplinary identity and legitimacy is explored. The implications of the proposed model—especially for charting a new direction in theory, research, policy, and pedagogy—are also highlighted.
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